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INDUSTRIAL ROBOT

ROBOTICS










Introduction

Robot is an automatically controlled material handling unit that is widely used in the manufacturing industry robots are generally used for high volume production.
The term robot was derived from Czech language in 1920 which means forced labour. the official definition for the robot was given by robot institute of America

Definition

An industrial robot is a reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tool (or) special devices through a variable programmed motions for the performance of variety of tasks.
A manipulator is mechanical element that consist of series of joints and links.

HISTORY OF ROBOTS

Science fiction has contributed lot in the development of robots.
Mid 1700's - human sized mechanized dolls were developed.
Mid 1800's - mechanical dolls were able to play music.
1952        - First NC machine was developed.
1953        - A British scientist C.W. Kenward has developed a manipulator that can
                      Move in X-Y-Z directions.
                      First patent was issued.
1959      - First commercial robot was developed by MIT that was controlled by cams.
1961    - Unimation inc. developed a robot called "UNIMATE" for unloading a die
            casting machine in general motor company plant, new jersey unimate was
                     hydraulically driven.
1971      - Stanford arm, a first electrically driven robotic arm was developed by
  Stanford University
1978      - PUMA: programmable universal machine for assembly was developed by
  UNIMATE.
1979      - SCARA: selective compliance articulated robot arm was developed by
   Japan University.
          1982 - IBM has developed a robot RS-1 for assembly and also developed a robot
                      programming language.
 

      
   ROBOT DRIVE SYSTEMS
The drive system provides the necessary force or torque to the joints which in turn drives the link to produce necessary movements.

Based on these source of power the actuators are classified as three types
1.       Pneumatic drive system
2.       Hydraulic drive system

3.       Electrical derive system.








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